场景
用Django REST framework来构建Result API,需要记录用户请求的时间、方法、数据、响应状态等。
实现方法
用Python的logging模块结合Django框架的Middleware,来将每次API请求的详细信息记录下来。
settings新增LOGGING配置
定义一个专门记录API日志的logger,命名为api。
# LOGGING settings
LOG_DIR = BASE_DIR + "/log"
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': True,
'formatters': {
'standard': {
'format': '%(asctime)s FuncName:%(funcName)s LINE:%(lineno)d [%(levelname)s]- %(message)s'
},
'simple': {
'format': '%(levelname)s %(message)s'
},
'verbose': {
'format': '%(levelname)s %(asctime)s %(module)s %(funcName)s %(message)s'
},
},
'filters': {
'require_debug_false': {
'()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugFalse'
}
},
'handlers': {
'console': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
'formatter': 'standard'
},
'default': {
'level': 'INFO',
'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
'filename': os.path.join(LOG_DIR, 'info.log'),
'maxBytes': 1024*1024*50, # 50 MB
'backupCount': 2,
'formatter': 'standard',
},
'default_debug': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
'filename': os.path.join(LOG_DIR, 'debug.log'),
'maxBytes': 1024*1024*50, # 50 MB
'backupCount': 2,
'formatter': 'standard',
},
'request_handler': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
'filename': os.path.join(LOG_DIR, 'common.log'),
'maxBytes': 1024*1024*50, # 50 MB
'backupCount': 2,
'formatter': 'standard',
},
'restful_api': {
'level': 'DEBUG',
'class': 'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
'filename': os.path.join(LOG_DIR, 'api.log'),
'maxBytes': 1024*1024*50, # 50 MB
'backupCount': 2,
'formatter': 'verbose',
},
},
'loggers': {
'django': {
'handlers': ['console', 'default_debug'],
'level': 'INFO',
'propagate': False
},
'django.request': {
'handlers': ['request_handler'],
'level': 'INFO',
'propagate': False
},
'common': {
'handlers': ['default', 'console'],
'level': 'INFO',
'propagate': True
},
'api': {
'handlers': ['restful_api'],
'level': 'INFO',
'propagate': True
},
}
}
自定义日志记录中间件ApiLoggingMiddleware
在合适的位置新建文件middleware.py
,自定义日志记录中间件ApiLoggingMiddleware
。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import logging
import json
class ApiLoggingMiddleware(object):
def __init__(self, get_response):
self.get_response = get_response
self.apiLogger = logging.getLogger('api')
def __call__(self, request):
try:
body = json.loads(request.body)
except Exception:
body = dict()
body.update(dict(request.POST))
response = self.get_response(request)
if request.method != 'GET':
self.apiLogger.info("{} {} {} {} {} {}".format(
request.user, request.method, request.path, body,
response.status_code, response.reason_phrase))
return response
在settings
中加入中间件ApiLoggingMiddleware
由于中间件对request的处理是顺序执行的,对response处理是逆序执行的,故将ApiLoggingMiddlewar放在MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES的最后面。
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'lib.mypath.middleware.ApiLoggingMiddleware',
]
记录效果
INFO 2019-01-11 15:28:50,652 middleware process_response username POST /api/product/ {u'csrfmiddlewaretoken': [u'jAlRDXXXXXXXXzK8UnluvSzaz2yacdDzTwRE005aCVvYnINSG7xvraqi0Pu5QHur'], u'code': [u'test'], u'name': [u'\u53d1\u5e03\u7cfb\u7edf']} 201 Created
INFO 2019-01-11 15:29:10,598 middleware process_response username GET /api/product/9/ {} 200 OK
INFO 2019-01-11 15:29:15,252 middleware process_response username PUT /api/product/9/ {u'code': [u'test'], u'name': [u'\u53d1\u5e03']} 200 OK
INFO 2019-01-11 15:29:27,603 middleware process_response username DELETE /api/product/9/ {} 200 OK
INFO 2019-01-11 15:29:37,961 middleware process_response username GET /api/product/ {} 200 OK